Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText() (line 101 of core/modules/filter/src/Element/ProcessedText.php).
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The CRIDES, a Centre for Interdisciplinary research on business law issues, aims to analyse, on the one hand, the role of law in business and its environment and, on the other hand, the function of business in society .
This study relies on the belief that legal rules must be understood in context, according to the "law and society" approach.
Mise en œuvre de l’Acte pour les services numériques.
Premier bilan avec les acteurs et des universitaires.
Quels effets sur la liberté d’expression ?
10h30 | Accueil, café
11h00 | Ouverture
Mot de bienvenue par Benoît Grevisse et Alain Strowel
Mot d'accueil par David Lacombled
Présentation des travaux et de la journée par Thaima Samman et Pascal Beauvais
11h15 | Première table ronde :Quels acteurs pour encadrer la liberté d’expression : la nouvelle articulation plateformes / organes extrajudiciaires / juge – autorités nationales
Session modérée par Valérie-Laure Benabou, Professeure de droit privé à l’Université Paris-Saclay
- Michel Van Bellinghen, Président de l’IBPT
- Valère Ndior, professeur de droit public à l’Université de Bretagne occidentale
- Représentant·e d’une entreprise
12h30 | Cocktail déjeunatoire
14h00 | Deuxième table ronde : Supervision, contrôles et responsabilités des acteurs dans la mise en œuvre du DSA (en particulier rôle de la commission européenne, de la CJUE et questionnement sur le régime de responsabilité)
Session modérée par Pascal Beauvais, Professeur à l’Université de Paris 1 – Panthéon-Sorbonne
- Rita Wezenbeek, Director, European Commission, DG Connect, Platforms Policy and Enforcement (CNECT.F)
- Enguerrand Marique, professeur de droit de l’information et de la communication de l’UCLouvain
- Représentant·e d’une plateforme
15h15 | Troisième table ronde : Les nouveaux défis fake news, guerre informationnelle, ingérences étrangères : la place des médias et de l’intelligence artificielle
Session modérée par Benoît Grevisse, professeur à l’Ecole de Journalisme de l'UCLouvain
- Charlotte Michils, secrétaire générale de la VVJ, Vlaamse Vereniging van Journalisten
- Alain Strowel, professeur en droit du numérique et de la communication à l’UCLouvain
- Antonin Descampe, professeur en innovation médiatique à l’Ecole de Journalisme de l'UCLouvain
- Jean-Paul Philippot, administrateur général de la RTBF
16h15 | Echange entre les participant·es
17h00 | Séance de restitution ouverte au public
Mise en perspective des principaux enseignements de la journée avec le rapport intermédiaire du groupe de travail Libex de La villa numeris.
Prix Pierre Coppens 2023 attribué à François Bernard
Le prix scientifique Pierre Coppens a été décerné, pour la 8ème fois, en 2023.
Le prix Pierre Coppens 2023 a été attribué à Monsieur François Bernard pour sa thèse/son ouvrage sur « Le
5 April 2022
2022 International and European Tax Moot Court: Outstanding result of the UCLouvain team
Outstanding result of the UCLouvain team at the "2022 International and European Tax Moot Court"!
On April 1 finished this prestigious event involving tax law students from all over the world, o
Les droits d'inscription sont de 100 euros pour l'ensemble des journées, payables après réception de notre facture. Lunch sandwich et pause-café inclus.
L'inscription est gratuite (mais obligatoire) pour les membres de l'INEADEC (en ordre de cotisation), les chercheurs, doctorants, et étudiants.
Attention, les personnes inscrites en présentiel qui ne seront pas présentes se verront facturer une indemnité forfaitaire de 100 euros, en compensation des frais de catering inutilement exposés.
-Prof. Edoardo Traversa (UCLouvain),
-Prof. Miranda Stewart (University of Melbourne),
-Ass.-Prof. Eduardo Baistrocchi (LSE - London School of Economics)
The mission of the Global Tax Symposia (GTS) is to be an interdisciplinary mobile research platform on fundamental issues of international and comparative taxation. It is grounded on the belief that crossing African, American, Asian-Pacific and European perspectives is beneficial to all participants, especially in the current political and economic global context. It aims to offer young researchers and more experienced scholars a forum where to discuss five to six papers every year in different cities on all continents. Each paper is discussed by an interdisciplinary and intercontinental panel whose members are leading tax academics, administrators, policymakers and practitioners.
The following institutions support the initiative : Chinese University of Hong Kong and Wuhan University (People's Republic of China), London School of Economics (United Kingdom), UC Louvain (Belgium), University of Melbourne (Australia), University of Pretoria (South Africa), Universidad Torcuato Di Tella (Argentina), National Institute of Public Finance and Policy (India) and New York University (United States of America).
The 2020 Global Tax Symposium was held online using the platform of UCLouvain, and co-hosted by London School of Economics and the University of Melbourne.
I. CHAIR: Prof. Miranda Stewart, University of Melbourne
08:30 ECT (Brussels) |18:30 UTC+11 (Melbourne) |02:30 EST (New-York):
BEPS AND GLOBAL TAX CHALLENGES - SEEN FROM THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION
-Maryanne Mrakovcic, Deputy Secretary of the Australian Treasury, Head of Revenue Group
-Tizhong Liao, Senior Advisor OECD, DPhil Fellow University of Oxford
II.CHAIR: Prof. Eduardo Baistrocchi, LSE
09:30 ECT (Brussels) |19:30 UTC+11 (Melbourne) |03:30 EST (New-York):
THE INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESS OF INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC TAX REFORM: HOW IS BEPS CHANGING TAX LAW?
-Prof. Miranda Stewart, University of Melbourne
DISCUSSION:
-Prof. Pasquale Pistone, University of Salerno/WU Vienna/IBFD
-Dr Tresor-Gauthier Kalonji, Ph.D. University of Neuchâtel, Ministry of Finance, DR Congo
10 minute break
III. CHAIR: Prof. Edoardo Traversa, UCLouvain
10:40 ECT (Brussels) |20:40 UTC+11 (Melbourne) |04:40 EST (New-York):
TAXATION OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
-Prof. Wei Xiong, Wuhan University
DISCUSSION:
-Assoc Prof Martin Hearson, Institute of Development Studies & International Centre for Tax and Development
-Prof. Johannes Becker, University of Munster
11:50 ECT (Brussels) |21:50 UTC+11 (Melbourne) |05:50 EST (New-York):
TAX MEASURES TO ACHIEVE THE 2030 UN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN AFRICA FACED WITH THE COVID-19 ECONOMIC FALLOUT
-Prof. Annet Oguttu, University of Pretoria, South Africa
DISCUSSION:
-Prof. Rita de la Feria, Leeds University, UK
-Prof. Daniel Artana, Torcuato di Tella University, Chief Economist Fundacion de Investigaciones Economicas Latinoamericanas (FIEL)
13:00 ECT (Brussels) |23:00 UTC+11 (Melbourne) |07:00 EST (New-York):
CLOSE OF THE MORNING SESSION
IV. CHAIR: Prof. Eduardo Baistrocchi, LSE
14:30 ECT (Brussels) |00:30 UTC+11 (Melbourne) |08:30 EST (New-York):
TAXATION AND VALUE CREATION - A FRAMEWORK FOR INTERNATIONAL REFORM
-Prof. Werner Haslehner, University of Luxembourg
DISCUSSION:
-Prof. Yariv Brauner, University of Florida
-Prof. Tracy Kaye, Seton Hall University
15:40 ECT (Brussels) |01:40 UTC+11 (Melbourne) |09:40 EST (New-York):
CREATIVE ENFORCEMENT: A BOURDIEUSIAN APPROACH ON HOW TAX AUTHORITIES ATTEMPT TO IMPLEMENT PROBLEMATIC TAX LAWS
-Ass.- Prof. Rodrigo A. Ormeño Pérez, Universidad de Chile
DISCUSSION:
-Prof. Jerome Monsenego, Stockholm University
-Prof. Ana Paula Dourado, University of Lisbon
10 minute break
V. CHAIR: Prof. Edoardo Traversa, UCLouvain
17:00 ECT (Brussels) |03:00 UTC+11 (Melbourne) |11:00 EST (New-York) :
TAXING DATA
-Prof. Omri Marian, University of California – Irvine
FINAL DISCUSSION:
LOOKING FOR A GLOBAL TAX CONSENSUS: "WHERE DO WE STAND?"
-Ass. –Prof. Suranjali Tandon, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, India
-Pascal Saint-Amans, Director, Center for Tax Policy, OECD
-Assoc. Prof. Irma Mosquera, Leiden University/Lead Researcher ERC GLOBTAXGOV Project
-Michael Lennard, Chief, International Tax Cooperation, United Nations
-Michael Keen, Deputy Director, Fiscal Affairs Department, IMF
END OF THE CONFERENCE:
19:00 ECT (Brussels) |05:00 UTC+11 (Melbourne) |13:00 EST (New-York)
It is our pleasure to announce that the Group for Research on European and International Taxation (GREIT) will hold its next Conference on the 17 and 18 September 2020.
The topic of this event will be Nexus and Jurisdiction in International and EU Tax law and it will be hosted online by the Research Center on Law, Economy and Society (CRIDES) of UCLouvain.
14:00-14:30 : Introduction by Juliane Kokott, Adocate General, Court of Justice of the European Union
14:30-18:00 | Afternoon Session - Nexus and Jurisdiction in International (tax) law
14:30-15:30 :
Nexus and jurisdiction: the nature of the tax nexus requirement by Philip Baker, QC, University of Oxford
Comments from a public international law perspective by Pierre d'Argent, UCLouvain
Open Discussion
15:30-15:45 | Break
15:45-17:15 :
Tax nexus and non-resident companies by Stjepan Gadžo, University of Rijeka
Nexus, Digitalization and Democracy by Ana Paula Dourado, University of Lisbon
Nexus, residence and citizenship by Ruth Mason, University of Virginia
Open Discussion
17:15-17:30 | Break
17:30-18:30 : Open Roundtable “Nexus and developing countries : the impact of OECD Pillar I and II” by Irma Mosquera, Leiden University (introduction), Esperanza Buitrago Diaz, Maastricht University & Michael Lennard, United Nations
DAY 2 : FRIDAY 18TH SEPTEMBER 2020
09:00-12:30 | Morning Session - Tax nexus and European Union law
09:00-10:30
Nexus and Jurisdiction : a private international law perspective by Pietro Franzina, Catholic University Milan
Multiplication of nexus requirements in EU tax law after BEPS and ATAD: consequences for the Internal market by Pasquale Pistone, University of Salerno/IBFD/WU Wien
EU direct Harmonization of tax nexus: lessons from past experiences by Cécile Brokelind, Lund University
Open Discussion
10:30-10:45 | Break
10:45-11:30 :
Tax nexus and reform of the EU own resources system by Edoardo Traversa, UCLouvain
Comments from a VAT and Customs perspective by Marya Senyk, Lund University & Elena Masseglia, UCLouvain
Open Discussion
11:30-12:30 : Conclusive Roundtable “Tax nexus and digitalization” by Richard Lyal, Formerly EU Commission, Ioanna Mitroyanni, EU Commission & Jérôme Monsenego, Stockholm University
Open Discussion
Conclusion by Melchior Wathelet, former First Advocate General, Court of Justice of the European Union
* * *
PRACTICAL INFORMATION
The number of participants is limited and therefore we kindly ask you to register at the latest on September 10, 2020, by filling the Registration form via the following link.
For GREIT
Edoardo Traversa, Cécile Brokelind, Ana Paula Dourado, Dennis Weber, Pasquale Pistone
The Atelier de droit social of theUCLouvain in a partnership with the School of European Studies, UClouvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, the Institut d’études européennes ULB, Bruxelles and the Institute for European Studies, USaintLouis, Brussels, will organize an academic workshop, at the Fondation universitaire of Brussels.
As suggested to us by Silvia Borelli of the University of Ferrara, we will mould this workshop on the pre-existing format of a long standing Italian tradition of facilitating a dialogue between academia and the Italian Constitutional Court (http://www.amicuscuriae.it/). It is worthwhile to expand this tradition to cases which come up before the CJEU.
Academic Committee:Filip Dorssemont (Atelier de droit social-Crides, UCLouvain), Silvia Borelli (University of Ferrara), Edoardo Traversa (Crides -School of European Studies, UCLouvain), Antoine Bailleux (Institute for European Studies, USaintLouis Brussels), Emmanuelle Bribosia (Institut d’études européennes, ULB)
8.30 Coffee
9.00 Welcome and Introduction by the Chair by Silvia Borelli, University of Ferrara and Filip Dorssemont, University of Louvain
9.10 Contextualisation: The notion of central Government Administration and the scope of EU law by Jacques Ziller, University of Pavia
9.20 The history of the EU Social Dialogue by Jean-Paul Tricart, ETUI
9.30 The hermeneutics of the General Court by Filip Dorssemont, University of Louvain
9.40 On the notion of general interest and a perspective of Substantive Constitutionalization by Fotis Vergis, University of Manchester and Klaus Loercher, former référendaire Civil Service Tribunal
10.00 Question time
10.30 Coffee break
10.40 On appropriateness and legality checks by Silvia Rainone, KU Leuven and ETUI
10.50 Horizontal Subsidiarity by Mélanie Schmitt, Strasbourg University, Antonio Garcia Munoz, University of Luxembourg and Massimilano Delfino, University Frederico II, Naples
11.20 The relevance of the European Pillar on Social Rights by Beryl Ter Haar, Leiden University and Warschau University
11.30 The nature of an Act implementing an Agreement: a (non) legislative measure? by Pieter-Augustijn Van Mallegem, University of Louvain
*Your email address is included in our databases. The latter are used to announce our activities and to organize our conferences and workshops. In compliance with the General Regulation on personal data protection, you have the right to access these data and, if necessary, to ask for the rectification or the deletion.
*Any participant unable to attend may be replaced by the person of his/her choice or may receive the documentation. The cancellation shall be communicated no later than three working days before the seminar.
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* Please note that the event will be recorded. The participants agree with the recording and the dissemination.
► Venue | The participants to the Conference can assist in an active or passive way